Who is the Inventor of the Pizza

Ever wonder who invented pizza? Although people have been eating pizza-like foods for centuries, the food as we know it is less than 200 years old. And yet, from its roots in Italy, pizza has spread across the world and today is prepared dozens of different ways. The Origins of Pizza Food historians agree that pizza-like dishes (i.e. flatbreads with oils, spices, and other toppings) were eaten by many peoples in the Mediterranean, including the ancient Greeks and Egyptians. When writing a history of Rome in the third century BCE, Cato the Elder described pizza-like rounds of bread topped with olives and herbs. Virgil, writing 200 years later, described similar food in The Aeneid, and archaeologists excavating the ruins of Pompeii have found kitchens and cooking tools where these foods were produced before the city was buried by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 72 CE. Royal Inspiration By the mid-1800s, flatbreads topped with cheese and herbs were a common street food in Naples, Italy. In 1889, the Italian King Umberto I and Queen Margherita of Savoy visited the city. According to legend, the queen summoned Raffaele Esposito, owner of a restaurant called Pizzeria di Pietro e Basta Cosi, to bake some of these local treats. Esposito  allegedly created three variations, one of which was topped with mozzarella, basil, and tomatoes to represent the three colors of the Italian flag. It was this pizza that the queen liked best, and Esposito named it Pizza Margherita in her honor. The pizzeria still exists today, proudly displaying a letter of thanks from the queen, although some food historians question whether Esposito actually invented the kind of pizza he served to Queen Margherita. True or not, pizza is an integral part of Naples culinary history. In 2009, the European Union established standards for what can and cannot be labeled Neapolitan-style pizza. According to the  Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana, an Italian  trade group dedicated to preserving Naples pizza heritage, a true Margherita pizza can only be topped with local San Marzano tomatoes, extra-virgin olive oil, buffalo mozzarella, and basil, and it must be baked in a wood-fired oven. Pizza in America Beginning in the late 19th century, large numbers of Italians began immigrating to the United States—and they brought their foods with them. Lombardis, the first pizzeria in North America, was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi on Spring Street in New York Citys Little Italy neighborhood. You can still dine there today. Pizza slowly spread through New York, New Jersey, and other areas with large Italian immigrant populations. Chicagos Pizzeria Uno, famous for its deep-dish pizzas, opened in 1943. But it wasnt until after World War II that pizza began to become popular with most Americans. Frozen pizza was invented in the 1950s by Minneapolis pizzeria owner Rose Totino; Pizza Hut opened its first restaurant in Wichita, Kansas in 1958; Little Ceasars followed a year later, and Dominos in 1960. Today, pizza is a big business in the U.S. and beyond. According to the trade magazine PMQ Pizza, the American pizza industry was worth a massive $45.73 billion in 2018. Worldwide, the market for this tasty food was $144.68 billion. Pizza Trivia Americans eat approximately 350 slices of pizza per second. Thirty-six percent of those pizza slices are pepperoni, making the cured meat the No. 1 choice of pizza toppings in the United States. In India, pickled ginger, minced mutton, and paneer cheese are the favorite toppings for pizza slices. In Japan, Mayo Jaga (a combination of mayonnaise, potato, and bacon), eel, and squid are the favorites. Green peas rock Brazilian pizza shops, and Russians love red herring pizza. Have you ever wondered who invented the circular piece of plastic that keeps the pizza from hitting the inside of the box top? The package saver for pizza and cakes was invented by Carmela Vitale of Dix Hills, New York, who filed for US patent No. 4,498,586 on February  10, 1983. Sources Amore, Katia. Pizza Margherita: History and Recipe. Italy Magazine. 14 March 2011Hynum, Rick. Pizza Power 2019 - A State of the Industry Report. PMQ Pizza Magazine. December 2018McConnell, Alika. 10 Fast Facts About the History of Pizza. TripSavvy.com. 16 January 2018Miller, Keith. Was Pizza Not Invented in Naples After All? The Telegraph. 12 February 2015Pizza – History and Legends of Pizza WhatsCookingAmerica.com. Accessed 6 March 2018

Manifest Destiny A True Sign Of Progress For The United...

Manifest Destiny, which commandeered American life during the 1830s and 1840s, seemed like a true sign of progress for the country as the United States by the end of the 1840s acquired all of the land it has now with the exception of Hawaii, Alaska, and several small pieces of land. These new territories included the Pacific Northwest - Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana - and cessions from Mexico - California, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas - not to mention the considered addition of Cuba in the Ostend Manifesto. As beneficial as this territorial expansion may have seemed, it reinvigorated sectional struggles over the question of slavery in territories and the country overall. These conflicts that would accumulate to become the Civil War included the underlying ideological distinctions between the two regions, new abolitionist movement, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act as the violence stemming from sectionalism would increase and the differences betwe en the North and South would become irreconcilable. The ultimate cause of all sectional conflicts in the mid-1800s was the ideological differences between the North and South that stemmed partially from economic differences as the notably more industrial North began to embrace both â€Å"free-soil† and â€Å"free-labor† ideology while the South with its stagnated agricultural economy and pro-slavery argument. The North had undergone the Market Revolution in the early 1800s to mid-1800s, yet the South wasShow MoreRelatedManifest Destiny Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesManifest Destiny Westward expansion was a key component that shaped the United States not only geographically, but economically as well. The first sign of any expansion West from the original states was when Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803. The country was in need of new land in order to accommodate for the expanding population. Once the country started to expand, its power soon followed. The nation had a struggle with expanding because of the Native AmericansRead MoreJeff Nichols s Take Shelter3124 Words   |  13 Pagesa dangerous external world- the sign warning of rising water levels at the beginning of Shotgun Stories, or the poisonous snakes and turbulent Mississippi river in Mud. 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The Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution states, â€Å"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.† The United States governmentRead MoreThe Transcontinental Railroad : The Greatest Achievements Of The Nineteenth Century2509 Words   |  11 Pagesmetaphorical gold mines and the American economy exploded as a result of this grea t feat. Despite its ability to unify the East and West coasts, however the First Transcontinental Railroad actually was not a blessing for all people living in the United States; the immigrants involved in the construction and the natives living in the area that it passed through were dramatically and negatively affected. 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In fact, the term fundamentalism was coined in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century, but it was only toward the end of that century that the term began to be applied to some Catholic movements. Thesis Statement: Scriptural inerrancy and Fundamentalism cannot be separated. Throughout historyRead MoreTheology of the Body32011 Words   |  129 Pagesof body. 3) The tree of the knowledge of good and evil separates the state of original innocence of Adam and Eve (in which they were â€Å"naked and unashamed†) from the state of human sinfulness, which is man’s historical state. In his teaching on marriage, Christ goes back to the state of original innocence and his words are normative for the theology of man and for the theology of body. We cannot understand man’s present state without reference to his beginning. The proto-Gospel of Gen 3:15 also putsRead MoreUt Unum Sint25504 Words   |  103 Pagesservice of humanity Approaching one another through the Word of God and through divine worship Appreciating the endowments present among other Christians The growth of communion Dialogue with the Churches of the East Resuming contacts Sister Churches Progress in dialogue Relations with the Ancient Churches of the East Dialogue with other Churches and Ecclesial Communities in the West Ecclesial relations Achievements of coop eration CHAPTER III - QUANTA EST NOBIS VIA? Continuing and deepening dialogueRead MoreControl Your Destiny or Someone Else Will10092 Words   |  41 Pagespublished by Doubleday Company. The statements below are key points of the book as determined by James Altfeld and have been made available at no charge to the user. Control Your Destiny or Someone Else Will (p.4) Workers who share their employer’s goals don’t need much supervision. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Control your destiny, or someone else will. Face reality as it is, not as it was or as you wish it were. Be candid with everyone. Don’t manage, lead. Change before you have to. If you don’t have a competitiveRead MoreThe American Civil War : The United States8725 Words   |  35 PagesCivil War, known in the United States as simply the Civil War as well as by other sectional names, was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. Of the 34 states that existed in January 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the United States and went on to form the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, often simply called the South, grew to include eleven states, although they claimed

Analysis Philippians 3 12-21 - 1795 Words

I chose to write my paper on Philippians 3:12-21. Before writing this paper I was not entirely familiar with the reasons for Paul’s letters to the church of Philippi. It was an interesting study once I understood the background and reasoning for Paul’s writings. Paul writes a thank you letter to the Christians at Philippi for their contributions and support in his hour of need, and he uses the occasion to send along some instructions on Christian unity. Paul is also giving them an update on his circumstances. Most of Paul’s letter to the church of Philippi dealt with areas such as joy, rejoice, praise, thankfulness, and attitude. Background In this letter Apostle Paul showed how great his love was for the church of Philippi, showing his gratitude for their financial support to further the work of the ministry and to express his concern about their spiritual walk. His only thought was about advancing the cause of Christ and building the Philippians’ faith to continue their mission in spite of the persecution they were facing. Within their church many of the people were at odds and some were trying to hinder the spread of the Gospel. Because of this, Paul encourages the church of Philippi to stand fast, be of the same mind, rejoice in the Lord always but by prayer let your request be made known and the peace of God shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus (Philippians 4:1-7). The external and internal evidence for Paul to the author of Philippians is veryShow MoreRelatedThe Exemplary Hope, Obedience and Care of Paul and Timothy as They Imitate Christ: AN EXEGESIS OF PHILIPPIANS 2:19-241624 Words   |   7 Pageswrote to other churches, such as those at Galatia and Corinth (292). This proves to be the case in Philippians 2:19-24. In these six verses Paul is intending to communicate two main points: (1) He believes that Timothy is a respectable teacher of God’s word, and he wants the Philippian congregation to recognize this (Phil 2:22); (2) Paul intends for Timothy’s visit to be encouraging to the Philippian brethren, and for their encouragement to be reciprocated in himself. In writing this section ofRead MoreAn Interpretive Analysis Of Philippians 3:11 Essay1885 Words   |  8 PagesInterpretive Analysis Philippians 1:3-11 1. Structural Analysis Keeping with the basic structure form used by multiple times by Paul in his day, immediately after opening the letter (Giving his name and in this instance also Timothys, naming to whom the epistle was written for, a general greeting and thanksgiving)Paul gives a prayer for these believers while foreshadowing the themes that will be used later on in the epistle. Key Center: I thank my God every time I think of youÂ… (3) ParagraphRead MoreJames s Martyrdom As A Verifiable Origin For Information1892 Words   |  8 PagesJames, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus. While controversy continues regarding the authenticity of the inscription, the fact that such a find enthralled the religious world shows the historical importance attached to James, the brother of Jesus.† Mark 3:21-35 describes James before his transformation. It is here that he was at least doubtful, if not in disbelief, of Jesus and His ministry. Actually, â€Å"critical scholars almost always hold that James, the brother of Jesus, was a skeptical unbeliever duringRead MoreCritique On The Resurrection Of Christ : Theological Implications By Daniel B. Wallace Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pagespreaching. Dr. Wallace argues that the bodily resurrection of Jesus is an essential and central doctrine of the Christian faith. To make his case Wallace lays a foundation by examining the Old Testament hope for a general resurrection of the dead (Dan 12:1-2 ). Then he demonstrates the centrality of the resurrection to the first century apostolic faith by examining the sermons in Acts and passages from Paul’s letters. After the groundwork is laid, Wallace examines nine theological points that are dependentRead MoreBible Integration2405 Words   |  10 Pagessupport Frost’s statement when they say that â€Å"leaders are involved in making a personal choice about how and to what end they will use their influence† (p. 7 ) and â€Å"[f]or the followers of Jesus, servant leadership isn’t an option; it’s a mandate† (p.12). And so, this essay examines Greenleaf’s perspective from a Christian worldview wherein, he provides some concepts that can be helpful to the servant-leader. Yet, it is important that these views, such as strength and openness to knowledge, are approachedRead MoreThe Trinity, The Three Distinct Persons Of God Essay1860 Words   |  8 Pagesbelief stated that the existence of God assumes in the scriptures, â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth† (Gen1:1) . In science, we are taught in order for the hypothesis to be valid it should undergo scientific observation and analysis. In this kind of processes, we are trying to observe the existence of God by the use of scientific tools, in contrast, science should be the primarily tool to prove the existence of God. Science is a gift from God; it should be the tool to exploreRead MoreTh e Immortality of Abortion3138 Words   |  13 Pagesinsists on being the sole arbiter of what is moral. Most Americans look to democratic process to determine morality. (Mumford, 2000, p 3) In 1966, the Vatican Council II wrote the Pastoral Constitution on the church in the Modern World which included in part two of the constitution its views on abortion titled Some Problems of Special Urgency. (Mumford, 2000, p 3) The Pastoral Constitution, part two reads: God, the Lord of life, has conferred on men the surpassing ministry of safeguarding lifeÂâ€"aRead MoreEssay on A Christians Worldview1822 Words   |  8 Pages | |Robin Jackson | |9/12/2011 | APOLOGETICS 104 Introduction This worldview paper will show views on different aspects of worldviews. I will defineRead MoreThe Fulfillment of the Day of the Lord Essay5829 Words   |  24 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 The Day Of The Lord In The Old Testament: A Day for the Just†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 The Day of the Lord in the New Testament†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 ‘The Day’ Refers to the Judgment Seat Of Christ†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Overcoming Controversy of the Day of the Lord .†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.15 Bibliography†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16 INTRODUCTION Although theology scholars, such as J. Bergman Kline, maintain thatRead MoreTrinitarian Doctrine : Christianity From Other Religions And Serves As A Barometer For Measuring Orthodox Faith2020 Words   |  9 Pagestoward the â€Å"other† an innate part of God’s nature and a pattern for the church to model. The incarnation is to Severson the ultimate example of how the church should relate to the lost in a noncoercive but persuasive, respectful, and compassionate manner.3 Lesslie Newbigin diagnoses the present missionary movement as exclusively interested in Christ and lacking the richness of trinitarian doctrine.4 This is dangerous, he writes, because â€Å"the mission of the church is to be understood, can only be rightly

Crack and Cocaine Powder Sentencing Disparities Essay Sample free essay sample

Adjunct Majority Leader Dick Durbin ( D-IL ) introduced the Fair Sentencing Act of 2009. a narrowly-tailored measure that would extinguish the condemning disparity between cleft and pulverization cocaine and increase punishments for the worst wrongdoers. This would reconstruct equity to our drug sentencing policy and focal point limited federal resources on violent drug sellers. It has been introduced to Congress to equalise the sentencing for cleft and cocaine drug discourtesies. It started with the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986. which at the clip was designed to sharply aim the addition in ace cocaine offense. Under the jurisprudence. those convicted of offenses affecting â€Å"crack† cocaine were punished on a 100-to-1 ratio compared to those whose offenses involve cocaine in pulverization signifier. Therefore. a individual who dealt five gms of cleft cocaine could confront 5 old ages in prison. but individual had to cover 500 gms of pulverization cocaine for a similar senten ce. Worse. as the old ages went on. We will write a custom essay sample on Crack and Cocaine Powder Sentencing Disparities Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page some studies indicated that first-time wrongdoers caught selling five gms of pulverization cocaine typically merely received 6 months in prison. and would frequently be eligible for probation. while first-time wrongdoer selling the same sum of cleft faced the mandatary five twelvemonth prison sentence. Another disparity was that the bulk of traders convicted for cleft cocaine discourtesies were Black. while most convicted for pulverization cocaine discourtesies were White. There are many policy grounds behind the push for the new jurisprudence – chiefly to turn to the racial disparities mentioned. but besides to refocus jurisprudence enforcement attempts on drug king-pins instead than street-level traders. The crack-powder disparity disproportionately affects African Americans. While African Americans are less than 30 per centum of cleft users. they are 82 per centum of those convicted of federal cleft discourtesies. Law enforcement experts say that crack-powder disparity undermines trust in our condemnable justness system. particularly in minority communities. The bipartizan United States Sentencing Commission has said that repairing the crack-powder disparity â€Å"would dramatically better the equity of the federal sentencing system. † Under The Fair Sentencing Act. it would extinguish the crack-powder disparity and set up the same sentences for cleft and pulverization cocaine. a 1:1 ratio. It would besides extinguish the compulsory mi nimal sentence for simple ownership of cleft cocaine. The lone compulsory minimal sentence for simple ownership of a drug would be by a first-time wrongdoer. And eventually it would significantly increase punishments for drug discourtesies affecting vulnerable victims. force and other worsening factors. Mentions: â€Å"The Fair Sentencing Act Corrects a Long-time Wrong in Cocaine Cases. † Editorial. The Washington Post 03 Aug. 2010. The Washington Post: National. World A ; D. C. Area News and Headlines – The Washington Post. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/02/AR2010080204360. hypertext markup language gt ; . â€Å"The Fair Sentencing Act of 2010. † FAMM Home Page. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. famm. org/FederalSentencing/USCongress/BillsinCongress/TheFairSentencingActof2010. aspx gt ; . WashingtonWatch. com – P. L. 111-220. The Fair Sentencing Act of 2009. † WashingtonWatch. com. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. washingtonwatch. com/bills/show/111_SN_1789. html # toc0 gt ; .